Alexander jay wurts



A, ASSIGNOR 'lO G COMPANY, Oi

ALE-XANDERJAY W'URTS, 6ft PlT'lTSBURG, PENNSYLYAN THE \VESTINGHQUSE E JlCTRlC AND l lANlTl AClUi lll SAME PLACE.

- t 'v .0 .M H; -1 n .SPEQIFICATIMN fozznmg part 01 Letters Patent 311;" lip 0,212 clatee; Uetober 27, 1096 Application fileli August 31, 1895. $erial l lo. 561,118. (No model.)

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Be it known that l, ALEXANDER JAY Y'Um's, a citizen the United States, resiclin Pittsburg', in the county of lllleglieny sill State of I ennsylvania, a new and useful Improvement in Sirens Breakers, (Case N 0. 652,) of wiiieii tire fellow is a specification.

lily invention relates to autematie eirciiit breakers 0r switches; an it fer its objee to provide device et this character which be: e L; aele a drawings except 3, 'out they may be These devices are which is intended to cts and their springset' fertlh in my applisupp-area sue shelloe iartieularl adapter"; use 11"031 cation Serial 2%. i? of even date hero- 1 v 'v w 1 3 electriecars or 111 otner relations llllwl Wits.

there is liable to be more or less jarring er lrejectiz iaer is cats 6, the latter bracket c2" 0 jolting of the apparatus, which teusls to disarrange its parts.

It is usually desirable and eftentiines nee-- essary in the use of circuits carrying heavy l currents under high tension to einuley to suit-breakers which Will ante .etiea i r rupt the eireuit whenever em-rent, fer

to me plate or )lfi statiei'iary portion teal "there approx? s an armature any reason increases beyon apredeterminec limit, this interruption of the eizreuit be usually effected through tl1e=agecy f electroinagnet of some sort the v. which *s included in the circuit to be in rupted and which, when the current exceeds the ainoifnt desired, attra-ets which I ell 0r fastenin llllGlllOViU in. (if swit in turn automatically ope action of gravity 01 e automatie de ices are trie ears, tee jarring oz 3 times so great as iii) arm from its normal pOSlbujll to suoii file to effect a premature openisg 0f t In order to overcome this d't." l I devised the apps-Wallis slioivn in til ,panying drawings, in Whiel1- Figure l is a side elevation of breaker constructed in accordance t present invention, and Fig. is eletail of an auxiliary magnet and per ion, armature. Fig. 3 is a diagram of tne circuits of a eircuit-breaiter 0i? Sllglltl'-ill0(llfitl eonsubstantially 1e? end is pro- "usted project a the upper face be found desirable in r bracket 7 extends forrig'nt angles to the extension supports a The plate or bracket structien. ioniycted t0 The postll also Reference being now hall to the drawings 2 elztentls through the baseplate and has con-' in detail, 1 is the insulating baseplete on nee-ted to it a Wire which leads to one of thestationary rwitclncontacts, as indicated more which the operative parts of the circuite or bracke 71's belted suitable de- 1 5 5 ml stationary eontacts clearly in Fig. 3. 'l-Solted to the rear of the 1 one leg of the permanent magnet at 17, this base 1 1s a permanent magnet 16, the poles of which are located in proximity to the rear end of the armature 8 when it is in its elevated position and in such a position that the projecting ends of the screws 'll may engage therewith.

It being desirable that some portion or portions of the armature should be maintained substantially at the point of magnetic saturation, I prefer to make the screws 11 of magnetizable metal.

The operation of the device is as follows:

' .Vhile a normal current only passes through the circuit the attractive force exerted upon the front end of the armature S by the magnet 12 13 will be insufficient to move the armature from the position shown in the d rawings. l urtho-rmore, inasmuch as the armature is pivoted approximately at its center of gravity, a force such as gravity or sudden jars, or any force acting equally upon both ends of the armature, will not tend to displace it for the reason that its moments are equal.-

The armature can therefore be displaced only by means of the local action of the magnet 12 13. The function of the permanent magnet 16 is twofold, i. a, it provides a load for the armature which is adjustable through the adjustment of the screws 11 and against which the magnet 12 13 acts, and it also holds the armature in a fixed position until the instant of critical-current, when immediatesrelease occurs. The function of this load differs from that of theweiglits provided in circuit-breakers heretofore in use in that it does not have the property of inertia except in a very limited degree. Y

In the old form of weighted armature,whc re the property of inertia exists, it frequently happens that with a slowly-increasing current through the critical current the armature will be raised comparatively slowly and thereby fail toacqu-ire suflicient momentum to releasethe detent. This is due to the inertia of the armature and the time required to accelerate this motion. VVit-h the balanced armature and permanent magnet for load not only is the inertia greatly reduced, but when the ar-' mature .is released from the permanent magnet it passes at that end from a strong mag netic field into a rapidly-weakening one and at the other end from a weak field into a rapidly-increasing field, thereby securing rapid acceleration, even though the current be slowly increased through the critical amount.

It is obvious that an electromagn et of proper strength may be employed instead of the permanent magnet shown, and hence I desire to be understood that myinvention is not limited to any specific form ortype of magnet for accomplishing the desired result.

In Fig. 3 I have shown diagrammatically an arrangement of circuits in which the main wire of the circuit is given one turn around the magnetization of the magnet 16 at anap proximatelyconstantvalue. 'lheapparatus, except as regards this means for producing constant; magnetization of the auxiliary magnet, is intended to be substantially the same as that shown in Fig. l of the drawings.

It will be understood that'while I have shown and described a specific form of circuit-breaker my invention is not limited to such a specific form and arrangement, but may be applied to an apparatus of dilferent construction, if desired.

I claim as my invention 1; In an automatic circuitrbreaker, the combination with a latch for the movable mem ber, and means for withdrawing the same comprising an elcctroma-gnet and its armature, of a magnet acting in opposition to said electromagnct to prcventaccidental or premature withdrawal of the lat-ch.

2. In an automatic circuit-breaker, the combination with a latch. for the movable member and means for' withdrawing the same comprising an electromagnet and an armature pivoted approximately at its center of gravity, of a magnet acting in opposition to said electromagnet-to prevent accidental or premature withdrawal of the latch.

In an automatic circuit-breaker, the combination with a latch for the movable member, ..and...means for withdrawing the same comprising an electroinagnet and an armature pivoted approximately at its centerof gravity, of a permanent magnet acting upon said armature in opposition to said firstnamed magnet to'prevent accidental or pro mature withdrawal of the latch.

4. In'an automatic circuit-breaker, the combination with a latch forthe movable member and means for withdrawing same, coinprising an electromagnet and an armature pivoted approximately at its center of gravity and having a lost-motion connection with the latch at one end and adjustable projections at the other end, of a magnet the poles of which are engaged by said adj ustable projections.

5. In an automatic circuit-breaker, the combination with a latch for the movable memher and means for withdrawing the same comprising an electromagnet-and a pivoted armature connected at one end to said latch, of a permanent magnet the poles of which are adjacent to the other end of ,the armature when the breaker is closed, and means for electrically errirrgi'zing said magnet. I

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 29th day of-August, A. I). 1895.

ALEXANDER JAY \Vituesses:

' Jxo. A. Scnnirr,

II. C. 'lnxnn.

WIIRTS. 

